This course is somewhat broader than its name implies, considering both certain limitations on state governments that do not flow from the Fourteenth Amendment and also certain limitations on the federal government. Topics include: equal protection in such areas as race, gender, illegitimacy, alienage, wealth, voting and residence; procedural due process in civil cases (criminal procedure is not covered); substantive due process including the so called right to privacy); the takings clause; the contracts clause; and the two privileges and immunities clauses.