This seminar will examine the United Nations Security Council’s Women Peace and Security (WPS) agenda in the context of contemporary forms of conflict and insecurity. It will explain the evolution of the agenda and provide a detailed examination of the agenda’s legal foundations in international law: International Humanitarian Law, International Criminal Law and International Human Rights Law, especially the Human Rights of Women. It will also focus on the so-called four pillars of Women Peace and Security: women’s participation in the prevention, management and resolution of conflict, protection against sexual violence in conflict, prevention of sexual violence in conflict, and relief and recovery. It will offer a critical perspective on these issues, including on the role of national implementation through National Action Plans.